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Conspiracy theories are a prevalent feature of Arab culture and politics. Prof. Matthew Gray writes they "are a common and popular phenomenon." "Conspiracism is an important phenomenon in understanding Arab Middle Eastern politics ..." Variants include conspiracies involving colonialism, Zionism, superpowers, oil, and the war on terrorism, which may be referred to as a War against Islam.〔 Roger Cohen theorizes that the popularity of conspiracy theories in the Arab world is "the ultimate refuge of the powerless", and Al-Mumin Said noted the danger of such theories in that they "keep us not only from the truth but also from confronting our faults and problems..." Gray points out that actual conspiracies such as the British-French-Israeli 1956 Suez Crisis encourage speculation and creation of imagined conspiracies. After the 1967 war, conspiracy theories became popular. The war was perceived as a conspiracy by Israel and the US—or its opposite: a Soviet plot to bring Egypt into the Soviet sphere of influence. Thomas Friedman notes the numerous conspiracy theories concerning the Lebanese civil war. They "were usually the most implausible, wild-eyed conspiracy theories one could imagine ... Israelis, the Syrians, the Americans, the Soviets, or Henry Kissinger—anyone but the Lebanese—in the most elaborate plots to disrupt Lebanon's naturally tranquil state." ==Zionist conspiracies== The Anti-Defamation League lists Zionist conspiracies including spreading poisons (Jan 1995, ''Al-Ahram''), spreading AIDS (''Al-Shaab''), blood rituals (June 1995, ''Al-Ahram''), leading an international conspiracy against Islam (March 1995, ''Al-Ahram''), and creating the myth of the Holocaust (Dec 1995 – Feb 1996, ''Egyptian Gazette'').〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Anti-Semitism in the Egyptian Media )〕 Conspiracy theories holds the Jews responsible for killing American Presidents Abraham Lincoln and John F. Kennedy, and causing the French and Russian revolutions.〔 Zionists are seen as a threat to the world. A widespread conspiracy theory after the September 11 attacks blamed Israel and Mossad for the attacks.〔 ''The Protocols of the Elders of Zion'', an infamous hoax document purporting to be a Jewish plan for world domination, is commonly read and promoted in the Muslim world.〔 Report by Center for Religious Freedom of Freedom House. 2006〕〔("The Booksellers of Tehran" ), ''The Wall Street Journal'', October 28, 2005〕 Conspiracy theorists in the Arab world have claimed that ISIL leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi is in fact an Israeli Mossad agent and actor called Simon Elliot. The rumors claim that NSA documents leaked by Edward Snowden reveal this connection. Snowden's lawyer has called the story "a hoax." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Conspiracy theories in the Arab world」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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